TestComplete Interview Questions and Answers

Are you a computer engineer or IT professional? Do you want to explore your knowledge with testing tools? Are you capable enough to create automated tests? Then switch on to wisdom jobs online portal. Test complete is a functional automated testing platform developed by Smartbear software. Test complete gives testers the ability to create automated tests for Microsoft windows, web android and IOS applications. The role of a quality analyst is to execute and automate test cases using automated tool such as test complete. He is responsible for testing and auditing new software reports. So, track your path as quality analyst, software tester, quality assurance analyst, quality assurance engineer etc by looking into Test complete job interview questions and answers.

1.What is TestComplete ?

Ans:

•  TestComplete is a Software automation tool, Developed by Smart bear, we can Automate the software testing process using it.
• TestComplete supports various types of automation testing like – unit testing, Smoke testing, Regression testing, Functional, Distributed testing and load testing.

2.what is Latest Version of TestComplete?

Ans:

 Most Recent Version of TestComplete is (TestComplete 9.3), at the end of Dec 2013 Smartbear going to launch TestCompete 10 for Mobile app Testing.

3.Which Technology is supported by TestComplete

Ans:

TestComplete Supports Wide range of Application and Technologies like – Windows, .NET, WPF, Visual C++ Visual Basic, Java Web Applications, and Web Services.

4.Which Scripting language that can be used in TestCompete ?

Ans:

Test Complete Supports – VBScript, Jscript, C# Script, c++, Delphi.

5.What is the purpose of TestedApp in TestComplete?

Ans:

 In TestedApp, we can list out the number of Applications, We can add multiple Tested Application and there attributes like Command line arguments, number of instance and so on.

6.How can we call any application that has been added to TestedApps in your scripts?

Ans:

Using the TestedApps object we can call our application. To get a TestedApp object as an item of from the list, use the TestedApps.Items property (if no. of Apps is added in list)

7.Is it possible to perform record and play mechanism in TestComplete ?

Ans:

Yes, TestComplete Supports Record and Payback mechanism there are two mechanisms in TestComplete Recording.

• Record – Starts test recording or resumes recording after pause. Default, SHIFT-F1.
• Low –Level- Record – Starts recording a new low-level procedure based on screen coordinates. Default, SHIFT-F4

8.Cross Browser Testing is possible for using TestComplete? If yes then how is it?

Ans:

 Yes, We can do the Cross Browser testing in TestComplete. TestComplete 9.x is specially developed for cross browser testing. (Before cross browser testing we need to do some browser level setting .

9.Which Browsers supported by TestComplete till date?

Ans:

•  TestComplete supports the number of browsers.
• Internet Explorer
• Mozilla Firefox
• Google Chrome
• Safari
• Opera Browser

10.Different ways of capturing objects in TestComplete.

Ans:

•  There are three different way for capturing the Object in TestComplete-
• Recording
• Object Spy
• Find, FindAll, FindChild, FindAllChildren

11.What is the difference between Find and FindAll Method in TestComlete ?

Ans:

• Find -Find Method is used to search desire object from the object hierarchy, (only single object). Find Method searches the Object on the basis of Specified value of the Specified property.
• FindAll – FindAll method is used to search desire object from the object hierarchy. FindAll Method searches the entire object that have Specified value of the Specified properties. FindAll methods are stored entire object list into an Array.

12.What is Child Method?

Ans:

 Objects may have the children, Page is the children of Process, Process is the children of Sys object etc…

{Sys.Process (iexplorer, 1).page (“google.com”)……}

13.Can we get, how much Number of Childs having an Object?

Ans:

 Yes, We can get the number of child of the Object by using ChildCount Property of the object

Ex- count = Object.ChildCount

14.How descriptive programming can be done in TestComplete?

Ans:

 Using Find, FindAll, FindChild, FindAllChildren method we can do the descriptive programming in TestComplete.

15.What is mean open application and how you will come to it is open or not?

Ans:

 An application which is expose their internal Object Properties and methods to TestComplete are called Open Application for TC.

(Application which is provide the information on how to get access to internal objects that is call Open Application)

16.How many check points you know in TestComplete

Ans:

 TestComplete has the number of Check points like –

• Create File Checkpoint
• Create Object Checkpoint
• Create Property Checkpoint
• Create Web Service Checkpoint
• Create Database table checkpoint and so on….

17.What is NameMapping in TestComplete?

Ans:

 NameMapping in most important feature in TestComplete, using Name Mapping, we can provide the Custom Name of the object. Normally when we get the Object in TestComplete its shows like below-

Sys.Process (Iexplorer, 1).page (“www.google.com”).form (‘’google”).Panel (“Container”).Table (“lnkDatails”).cells (1, 1)……

It’s very difficult and hard to remember and manage.

18.What is a shortcut key to stop recoding?

Ans:

 Using SHIFT-F11 we can stop the recording

19.What is Data Driven Testing in TestComplete?

Ans:

•  Run our Test with different set of input data to ensure the application works as expected for various input values. This testing approach is called data-driven testing.
• We can preformed data driven testing using CSV file, Text File, Excel and Database Table.

20.How to handle exception in TestComplete ?

Ans:

• Using On Error Resume Next statement we can handle the exception it TestComplete.
• On Error Resume Next Statement skip the Exception window and go for the next operation.

21.How to recognize Objects in TestComplete ?

Ans:

 There are different way to recognize the Object in TestComplete Like –

• Recording
• Object Spy
• Find, FindAll, FindChild, FindAllChildren

22.What Happen? If your computer resolution will be change, your same script will be run or it will get fail?

Ans:

 There are two possibilities –

• Yes! Our script gets fail in case if we implement Record and Playback methodology.
• Yes! Our Script will be run successfully If we Implement Name mapping or Descriptive programming methodology.

23.How to recognize similar object in your application?

Ans:

 We can use object ID for each or we can assigned a unique identity for similar object by using Name Mapping Concept.

24.How to Test your application on different Node or on different workstation?

Ans:

 We can run our same script on different Node /different workstation by implementing the concept of Network Suite (But in this case entire client machine should be a part of Network)

25.Which Framework you are using for automation in TestComplete ?

Ans:

 We are using customize framework for automation. It is a combination of Keyword driven and Data Driven framework.

26.Is it possible to compared strings in TestComplete ?

Ans:

 Yes we can do it by using aqString object like below –

aqString.Compare(String1, String2, Case Sensitive)

27.what is USEUNIT in TestComplete ?

Ans:

 To call routines, variables or constants declared from one unit to another unit, we use USEUNIT statement in TestComplete.

28.What are the challenges you are facing in TestComplete ?

Ans:

•  There are few challenges we are face in TestComplete
• Cross Browser Testing – for a cross browser testing we need to do browser level setting, if we try run our script on client machine then we need to check all browser setting.
• Working with Window Popup – while you are trying to Upload or download file from the application some time it may get fail.
• Working With Dynamic Object – handling such a object which is change every time or occurred suddenly.
• Page Loading – Unable to predict page load time
• Technical Support – There is no more support/Help available for TestComple

29.What do you mean by Software Testing?

Ans:

•  Software testing is the process of evaluating a system to check if it satisfies its business requirements. It measures the overall quality of the system in terms of attributes like correctness, completeness, usability, performance, etc.
• Basically, it is used for ensuring the quality of software to the stakeholders of the application.

30.Why is testing required?

Ans:

 We need software testing for the following reasons-

• Testing provides an assurance to the stakeholders that the product works as intended.
• Avoidable defects leaked to the end-user/customer without proper testing adds a bad reputation to the development company.
• Defects detected earlier phase of SDLC results in lesser cost and resource utilization of correction.
• Saves development time by detecting issues in an earlier phase of development.
• The testing team adds another dimension to the software development by providing a different viewpoint to the product development process.

31.When should we stop testing?

Ans:

•  Testing (both manual and automated) can be stopped when one or more of the following conditions are met-
• After test case execution – The testing phase can be stopped when one complete cycle of test cases is executed after the last known bug fix with the agreed-upon value of pass-percentage.
• Once the testing deadline is met – Testing can be stopped after deadlines get met with no high priority issues left in the system.
• Based on Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) – MTBF is the time interval between two inherent failures. Based on stakeholder’s decisions, if the MTBF is quite a large one can stop the testing phase.
• Based on code coverage value – The testing phase can be stopped when the automated code coverage reaches a specific threshold value with sufficient pass-percentage and no critical bug.

32.What is Quality Assurance and what are the different activities involved in Quality assurance?

Ans:

•  Quality assurance is a process-driven approach that checks if the process of developing the product is correct and conforming to all the standards.
• It is considered a preventive measure as it identifies the weakness in the process to build software. It involves activities like document review, test case review, walk-throughs, inspection, etc.

33.What is Quality Control and what are the different types of testing involved in QC?

Ans:

•  Quality control is a product-driven approach that checks that the developed product conforms to all the specified requirements.
• It is considered as a corrective measure as it tests the built product to find the defects. It involves different types of testing like functional testing, performance testing, usability testing, etc.

34.What is the difference between Verification and Validation?

Ans:

•  Following are the major differences between verification and validation-

Verification	Validation
Verification is the process of evaluating the artifacts as well as the process of software development in order to ensure that the product being developed will comply with the standards.	Validation is the process of validating that the developed software product conforms to the specified business requirements.
It is a static process of analyzing the documents and not the actual end product.	It involves dynamic testing of a software product by running it.
Verification is a process-oriented approach.	Validation is a product-oriented approach.
Answers the question – “Are we building the product right?”	Answers the question – “Are we building the right product?”>
Errors found during verification require lesser cost/resources to get fixed as compared to be found during the validation phase.	Errors found during validation require more cost/resources. Later the error is discovered higher is the cost to fix it.

35.What is SDLC?

Ans:

 SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It refers to all the activities performed during software development – requirement gathering, requirement analysis, designing, coding or implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

36.Explain the STLC – Software Testing life cycle.

Ans:

•  The software testing life cycle refers to all the activities performed during testing of a software product. The phases include-
• Requirement analysis and validation – In this phase, the requirements documents are analyzed and validated and the scope of testing is defined.
• Test planning – In this phase test plan strategy is defined, estimation of test effort is defined along with automation strategy and tool selection is done.
• Test Design and Analysis – In this phase test cases are designed, test data is prepared and automation scripts are implemented.
• Test environment setup – A test environment closely simulating the real-world environment is prepared.
• Test execution – The test cases are prepared, bugs are reported and retested once resolved.
• Test closure and reporting – A test closure report is prepared to have the final test results summary, learning, and test metrics.

37.What are the different types of testing?

Ans:

•  Testing can broadly be defined into two types-
• Functional testing – Functional testing involves validating the functional specifications of the system.
• Non Functional testing – Non-functional testing is a type of testing that involves testing of non-functional requirements of the system such as performance, scalability, security, endurance, portability, etc.
• Black box testing – In black-box testing, the tester need not have any knowledge of the internal architecture or implementation of the system. The tester interacts with the system through the interface providing input and validating the received output.
• White box testing – In white box testing, the tester analyses the internal architecture of the system as well as the quality of source code on different parameters like code optimization, code coverage, reusability, etc.
• Gray box testing – In gray box testing, the tester has partial access to the internal architecture of the system e.g. the tester may have access to the design documents or database structure. This information helps the tester to test the application better.

38.What is TestComplete?

Ans:

 TestComplete a type of testing that involves validation of the requirements of the application by executing a predefined set of test cases manually without the use of any automation tool.

39.What is automation testing?

Ans:

 Automation testing is a type of software testing that involves automated test case execution using an automation tool. It helps in reducing the test execution time as the test scripts written once, can be run automatically any number of times without any human intervention.

40.What are some advantages of automation testing?

Ans:

 Some advantages of automation testing are-

• Test execution using automation is fast and saves a considerable amount of time.
• Carefully written test scripts remove the chance of human error during testing.
• Tests execution can be scheduled for a nightly run using CI tools like Jenkins which can also be configured to provide daily test results to relevant stakeholders.
• Automation testing is very less resource-intensive. Once the tests are automated, test execution requires almost no time of QAs. Saving QA bandwidth for other exploratory tasks.

41.What are some disadvantages of automation testing?

Ans:

 Some disadvantages of automation testing are-

• It requires skilled automation testing experts to write test scripts.
• Additional effort to write scripts is required upfront.
• Automation scripts are limited to verification of the tests that are coded. These tests may miss some error that is very glaring and easily identifiable to human(manual QA).
• Even with some minor change in the application, script update and maintenance is required.

42.What is performance testing?

Ans:

•  Performance testing is a type of non-functional testing in which the performance of the system is evaluated under expected or higher load.
• The various performance parameters evaluated during performance testing are – response time, reliability, resource usage, scalability, etc. The different types of performance testing are – Load, Stress, Endurance, Spike, and Volume Testing.

43.What is a test bed?

Ans:

•  A test bed is a test environment used for testing an application.
• A test bed configuration can consist of the hardware and software requirement of the application under test including – operating system, hardware configurations, software configurations, tomcat, database, etc.

44.What is a test plan?

Ans:

•  A test plan is a formal document describing the scope of testing, the approach to be used, resources required and time estimate of carrying out the testing process.
• It is derived from the requirement documents(Software Requirement Specifications).

45.What is a test scenario?

Ans:

•  A test scenario is derived from a use case. It is used for end to end testing of a feature of an application. A single test scenario can cater to multiple test cases.
• The scenario testing is particularly useful when there is time constraint while testing.

46.What is a Test case?

Ans:

 A test case is used to test the conformance of an application with its requirement specifications. It is a set of conditions with pre-requisites, input values and expected results in a documented form.

47.What are some attributes of a test case?

Ans:

 A test case can have the following attributes-

• TestCaseId – A unique identifier of the test case.
• Test Summary – One-liner summary of the test case.
• Description – Detailed description of the test case.
• Prerequisite or pre-condition – A set of prerequisites that must be followed before executing the test steps.
• Test Steps – Detailed steps for performing the test case.
• Expected result – The expected result in order to pass the test.
• Actual result – The actual result after executing the test steps.
• Test Result – Pass/Fail status of the test execution.
• Automation Status – Identifier of automation – whether the application is automated or not.
• Date – The test execution date.
• Executed by – Name of the person executing the test case.

48.What is Test data?

Ans:

 Test data is data that is used to test the software with different inputs and helps to check whether the corresponding output is as per the expected result or not. This data is created based on the business requirements.

49.What is a Test script?

Ans:

 A test script is an automated test case written in any programming or scripting language. These are basically a set of instructions to evaluate the functioning of an application.

50.What is Error in Software Testing?

Ans:

 Since we all are humans so it is obvious to make a mistake. Likewise, error is a similar case that happens in software testing due to some missing scenario in the requirements, some issues in design or some mistakes in the implementation.

51.What is a Bug?

Ans:

 A bug is a fault in a software product detected at the time of testing, causing it to function in an unanticipated manner.

52.What is a defect?

Ans:

 A defect is non-conformance with the requirement of the product detected in production (after the product goes live).

53.What are some defect reporting attributes?

Ans:

 Some of the attributes of a Defect report are-

• DefectId – A unique identifier of the defect.
• Defect Summary – A one-line summary of the defect, more like a defect title.
• Defect Description – A detailed description of the defect.
• Steps to reproduce – The steps to reproduce the defect.
• Expected Result – The expected behavior from which the application is deviating because of the defect.
• Actual Result- The current erroneous state of the application w.r.t. the defect.
• Defect Severity – Based on the criticality of the defect, this field can be set to minor, medium, major or show stopper.
• Priority – Based on the urgency of the defect, this field can be set on a scale of P0 to P3.

54.What are some of the bug or defect management tools?

Ans:

 Some of the most widely used Defect Management tools are – Jira, Bugzilla, Redmine, Mantis, Quality Center, etc.

55.What is defect density?

Ans:

•  Defect density is the measure of the density of the defects in the system.
• It can be calculated by dividing the number of defects identified by the total number of lines of code(or methods or classes) in the application or program.

56.What is defect priority?

Ans:

 A defect priority is the urgency of fixing the defect. Normally the defect priority is set on a scale of P0 to P3 with P0 defect having the most urgency to fix.

57.What is defect severity?

Ans:

 Defect severity is the severity of the defect impacting the functionality. Based on the organization, we can have different levels of defect severity ranging from minor to critical or show stopper.

58.Give an example of Low priority-Low severity, Low priority-High severity, High priority-Low severity, High priority-High severity defects.

Ans:

 Below are the examples for different combinations of priority and severity-

• Low priority-Low severity – A spelling mistake in a page not frequently navigated by users.
• Low priority-High severity – Application crashing in some very corner case.
• High priority-Low severity – Slight change in logo color or spelling mistake in the company name.
• High priority-High severity – Issue with login functionality.

59.What is a blocker?

Ans:

 A blocker is a bug of high priority and high severity. It prevents or blocks testing of some other major portion of the application as well.

60.What is a critical bug?

Ans:

•  A critical bug is a bug that impacts a major functionality of the application and the application cannot be delivered without fixing the bug.
• It is different from the blocker bug as it doesn’t affect or blocks the testing of other parts of the application.

61.Explain the bug life cycle or the different states of a bug.

Ans:

•  A bug goes through the following phases in software development-
• New – A bug or defect when detected is in New state
• Assigned – The newly detected bug when assigned to the corresponding developer is in Assigned state
• Open – When the developer works on the bug, the bug lies in Open state
• Rejected/Not a bug – A bug lies in rejected state in case the developer feels the bug is not genuine
• Deferred – A deferred bug is one, fix of which is deferred for some time(for the next releases) based on urgency and criticality of the bug
• Fixed – When a bug is resolved by the developer it is marked as fixed
• Test – When fixed the bug is assigned to the tester and during this time the bug is marked as in Test
• Reopened – If the tester is not satisfied with issue resolution the bug is moved to the Reopened state
• Verified – After the Test phase if the tester feels the bug is resolved, it is marked as verified
• Closed – After the bug is verified, it is moved to Closed status.

62.What are the different test design techniques?

Ans:

 Test design techniques are different standards of test designing that allow systematic and widely accepted test cases. The different test design techniques can be categorized as static test design techniques and dynamic test design techniques.

Static Test Design Techniques – The test design techniques which involves testing without executing the code. The various static test design techniques can be further divided into two parts manual and using tools-

• Manual static design techniques
• Walkthrough
• Informal reviews
• Technical reviews
• Audit
• Inspection
• Management review
• Static design techniques using tools

Static analysis of code – It includes analysis of the different paths and flows in the application and different states of the test data.

Compliance with coding standard – This evaluates the compliance of the code with the different coding standards.

• Analysis of code metrics – The tool used for static analysis is required to evaluate the different metrics like lines of code, complexity, code coverage, etc.
• Dynamic Test Design Techniques – Dynamic test design techniques involve testing by running the system under test.
• Specification-based – Specification-based test design techniques are also referred to as black-box testing. These involve testing based on the specification of the system under test without knowing its internal architecture.
• Structure-based – Structure-based test design techniques are also referred to as white box testing. In these techniques, the knowledge of code or internal architecture of the system is required to carry out the testing.
• Experienced-based – The experienced-based techniques are completely based on the experience or intuition of the tester. The two most common forms of experienced-based testing are – Adhoc testing and exploratory testing.

63.What is static Testing?

Ans:

•   Static testing is a kind of testing for reviewing the work products or documentation that are being created throughout the entire project. It allows reviewing the specifications, business requirements, documentation, processes and functional requirements in the initial phase of testing.
• So that the testers involved in it can understand the requirements in more detail before starting the testing lifecycle which intends to help in delivering the quality product.

64.What is dynamic testing?

Ans:

 Testing performed by executing or running the application under test either manually or using automation.

65.Explain the different types of specification-based test design techniques?

Ans:

•  Specification-based test design techniques are also referred to as black-box testing. It involves testing based on the specification of the system under test without knowing its internal architecture. The different types of specification-based test design or black box testing techniques are-
• Equivalence partitioning – Grouping test data into logical groups or equivalence classes with the assumption that all the data items lying in the classes will have the same effect on the application.
• Boundary value analysis – Testing using the boundary values of the equivalence classes taken as the test input.
• Decision tables – Testing using decision tables showing the application’s behavior based on a different combination of input values.
• Cause-effect graph – Testing using a graphical representation of the result or outcome and all the factors that affect the outcome.
• State transition testing – Testing based on the state machine model.
• Use case testing – Testing carried out using use cases.

66.Explain equivalence class partitioning?

Ans:

•  Equivalence class partitioning is a specification based black-box testing techniques. In equivalence class partitioning, set of input data that defines different test conditions are partitioned into logically similar groups such that using even a single test data from the group for testing can be considered as similar to using all the other data in that group. E.g. for testing a Square program(a program that prints the square of a number- the equivalence classes can be-
• Set of Negative numbers, whole numbers, decimal numbers, set of large numbers, etc.

67.What is boundary value analysis?

Ans:

 Boundary value analysis is a software testing technique for designing test cases wherein the boundary values of the classes of the equivalence class partitioning are taken as input to the test cases e.g. if the test data lies in the range of 0-100, the boundary value analysis will include test data – 0,1, 99, 100.

68.What is decision table testing?

Ans:

•  Decision table testing is a type of specification-based test design technique or black-box testing technique in which testing is carried out using decision tables showing the application’s behavior based on different combinations of input values.
• Decision tables are particularly helpful in designing test cases for complex business scenarios involving verification of application with multiple combinations of input.

69.What is a cause-effect graph?

Ans:

•  A cause-effect graph testing is a black-box test design technique in which graphical representation of input i.e. cause and output i.e. effect is used for test designing.
• This technique uses different notations representing AND, OR, NOT, etc relations between the input conditions leading to output.

70.What is state transition testing?

Ans:

 State transition testing is a black box test design technique based on a state machine model. State transition testing is based on the concept that a system can be defined as a collection of multiple states and the transition from one state to another happens because of some event.

71.What is the use case testing?

Ans:

•  A use case testing is a black-box testing approach in which testing is carried out using use cases. A use case scenario is seen as an interaction between the application and actors(users).
• These use cases are used for depicting requirements and hence can also serve as a basis for acceptance testing.

72.What is Test Coverage?

Ans:

•  It is a metric that measures the amount of testing performed on software while executing the test cases. Test coverage for any software can be calculated as the percentage of the number of test areas or coverage items covered with respect to the total number of test areas.
• The higher the test coverage, the more the part of the software gets covered by test cases and hence, the more effective will be the testing.

73.What is structure-based testing?

Ans:

•  Structure-based test design techniques are also referred to as white box testing. In these techniques, the knowledge of code or internal architecture of the system is required to carry out the testing. The various kinds of testing structure-based or white testing techniques are-
• Statement testing – A white box testing technique in which the test scripts are designed to execute the application’s code statements. Its coverage is measured as the line of code or statements executed by test scripts.
• Decision testing/branch testing – A testing technique in the test scripts is designed to execute the different decision-branches (e.g. if-else conditions) in the application. Its coverage is measured as the percentage of decision points out of the total decision points in the application.
• Condition testing- Condition testing is a testing approach in which we test the application with both True and False outcome for each condition. Hence for n conditions, we will have 2n test scripts.
• Multiple condition testing – In multiple condition testing, the different combinations of condition outcomes are tested at least once. Hence for 100% coverage, we will have 2^n test scripts. This is very exhaustive and very difficult to achieve 100% coverage.
• Condition determination testing – It is an optimized way of multiple condition testing in which the combinations which don’t affect the outcomes are discarded.
• Path testing – Testing the independent paths in the system(paths are executable statements from entry to exit points).

74.What is code coverage?

Ans:

 Code coverage is the measure of the amount of code covered by the test scripts. It gives the idea of the part of the application covered by the test suite.

75.What are Statement testing and statement coverage in white box testing?

Ans:

•  Statement testing is a white box testing approach in which test scripts are designed to execute code statements.
• Statement coverage is the measure of the percentage of statements of code executed by the test scripts out of the total code statements in the application. The statement coverage is the least preferred metric for checking test coverage.

76.What is decision testing or branch testing?

Ans:

 Decision testing or branch testing is a white box testing approach in which test coverage is measured by the percentage of decision points(e.g. if-else conditions) executed out of the total decision points in the application.

77.What are the different levels of testing?

Ans:

Testing can be performed at different levels during the development process. Performing testing activities at multiple levels helps in the early identification of bugs. The different levels of testing are –

• Unit Testing
• Integration Testing
• System Testing
• Acceptance Testing

78.What is unit testing?

Ans:

 Unit testing is the first level of testing and it involves testing individual modules of the software. It is usually performed by developers.

79.What is integration testing?

Ans:

 Integration testing is performed after unit testing. In integration testing, we test the group of related modules. It aims at finding interfacing issues between the modules.

80.What are the different types of integration testing?

Ans:

 The different type of integration testing is-

• Big bang Integration Testing – In big bang integration testing, testing starts only after all the modules are integrated.
• Top-down Integration Testing – In top-down integration, testing/integration starts from top modules to lower-level modules.
• Bottom-up Integration Testing – In bottom-up integration, testing starts from lower-level modules to higher-level module up in the hierarchy.
• Hybrid Integration Testing – Hybrid integration testing is the combination of both Top-down and bottom-up integration testing. In this approach, the integration starts from the middle layer and testing is carried out in both the direction

81.What is a stub?

Ans:

•  In the case of top-down integration testing, many times lower-level modules are not developed while beginning testing/integration with top-level modules.
• In those cases, Stubs or dummy modules are used that simulate the working of modules by providing a hard-coded or expected output based on the input values.

82.What is a driver?

Ans:

 In the case of bottom-up integration testing, drivers are used to simulating the working of top-level modules in order to test the related modules lower in the hierarchy.

83.What is system testing?

Ans:

•  System testing is the level of testing where the complete software is tested as a whole.
• The conformance of the application with its business requirements is checked in system testing.

84.What is acceptance testing?

Ans:

 Acceptance testing is testing performed by the potential end-user or customers to check if the software conforms to the business requirements and can be accepted for use.

85.What is UAT Testing?

Ans:

•  UAT testing is the last phase of the testing lifecycle. Its main focus is to validate that software is working in accordance with business requirements.
• It also ensures that the application is user-friendly and can handle complex scenarios at its best before releasing the product to real-world users.

86.What is End-To-End Testing?

Ans:

•  End-to-End testing is a type of testing where the entire application undergoes testing, to test each functionality of the software is working as expected and there is no loophole remaining in it.
• It ensures that the application is user-friendly and meets the business requirements.

87.What is alpha testing?

Ans:

 Alpha testing is a type of acceptance testing that is performed testers or the internal employees of the organization at the developer site.

88.What is beta testing?

Ans:

 Beta testing is the testing done by end-users at the end user’s site. It allows users to provide direct input about the software to the development company.

89.What is Adhoc Testing?

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 Adhoc testing is an unstructured way of testing that is performed without any formal documentation or proper planning.

90.What is monkey testing?

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 Monkey testing is a type of testing that is performed randomly without any predefined test cases or test inputs.

91.How is monkey testing different from Adhoc testing?

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 In the case of Adhoc testing although there are no predefined or documented test cases still testers have an understanding of the application. While in the case of monkey testing testers don’t have any understanding of the application.

92.What is exploratory testing?

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 Exploratory testing is a type of testing in which new test cases are added and updated while exploring the system or executing test cases. Unlike scripted testing, test design and execution go parallelly in exploratory testing.

93.What is load testing?

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 Load testing is a type of performance testing which aims at finding an application’s performance under the expected workload. During load testing, we evaluate the response time, throughput, error rate, etc parameters of the application.

94.What is stress testing?

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•  Stress testing is a type of performance testing in which an application’s behavior is monitored under a higher workload than expected.
• Stress testing is done to find memory leaks and the robustness of the application.

95.What is volume testing?

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•  Volume testing is a type of performance testing in which the performance of the application is evaluated with a large amount of data.
• It checks the scalability of the application and helps in the identification of a bottleneck with a high volume of data.

96.What is endurance testing or Soak testing?

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 Endurance testing is a type of performance testing which aims at finding issues like memory leaks when an application is subjected to load test for a long period of time.

97.What is spike testing?

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 Spike testing is a type of performance testing in which the application’s performance is measured while suddenly increasing the number of active users during the load test.

98.What is UI testing?

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 UI or user interface testing is a type of testing that aims at finding Graphical User Interface defects in the application and checks that the GUI conforms to the specifications.

99.What is usability testing?

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 Usability testing is the type of testing that aims at determining the ease of using the application. It aims at uncovering the usability defects in the application.

100.What is Accessibility testing?

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 Accessibility testing is the type of testing which aims at determining the ease of use or operation of the application specifically for people with disabilities.