Must-Know [LATEST] SaltStack Interview Questions and Answers

1. Make a case for any 2 benefits of SaltStack?

Ans:

There are multiple helpful benefits of exploiting this ASCII text file code. However one might note within the terribly starting (ahead of mentioning the pointwise edges of exploitation SaltStack) that SaltStack is additionally termed because of the remote execution engine. Currently you’ll be able to check the below-mentioned point-wise info that sheds lightweight on the professionals and cons of exploitation SaltStack.

Pros –

• These are the 2 professionals (or the advantages) of exploitation SaltStack as mentioned below.
• Not solely is it standard, however conjointly happens to be event-driven code that ensures that each one the IT parts are capable of maintaining the target state beneath the management of the code.
• SaltStack will be originated within the bed configuration with the assistance of 1 dependant that’s capable of dominating others so as to load equalization also as boast redundancy.

2. On the Firewall choice, what port are you alleged to open?

Ans:

The Minions are to be connected to Master on TCP ports 4506 also as 4505. They don’t really want any inward port open.

3. If you discover a bug in Salt, then what would you do?

Ans:

Both the listing of the salt users and also the IRC channel of salt are useful resources. This can be as a result of they need the aptitude of confirming problems also as troubleshoots to resolve the several issues. After you realize a bug in Salt, you’d need to follow the actual directions and report the bug.

4. Why is SaltStack termed ASCII text file software?

Ans:

• From the stance of a student, Salt (or conjointly called SaltStack) is termed as Associate in Nursing ASCII text file code thanks to several reasons. Mentioned below are some of them that are given in an exceedingly point-wise manner.
• First and foremost, Salt or SaltStack may be a standalone product that is offered for patrons as an absolute to use product.
Secondly, SaltStack has been developed with the contributions that are accepted from the actual community for the project’s growth.
• The third most important purpose is, Salt doesn’t have any of its own options that are liable for limiting separate product proprietary.
• Fourthly, thanks to the license of Apache two.0, the code is in a position to be used as the foundation for a proprietary tool or perhaps for a project.
• Finally, the genus Apis of the code don’t seem to be simply documented however even open. These are accessible for everyone’s usage.

5. Why did the worth for the Grain change?

Ans:

The reason why the worth for the grain modified itself is that of some reasons. It’s commonly the results of the upstream modification within the distribution of a specific package that removes or replaces things Salt uses so as to find a grain. Once it happens, it’s lucky. exploitation Salt with a command would be applicable to repair this type of issue.

6 . Will Salt confirm the Minion’s ID?

Ans:

The answer to the present specific question is affirmative. Salt will positively confirm the ID of the dependent.

7. Seasoning the Salt Master?

Ans:

In order to piece a master server via states, the Salt master can even be “salted” so as to enforce state on the Salt master also because the Salt minions. seasoning the Salt master needs a Salt dependant to be put in on an equivalent machine because the Salt master. Once the Salt dependant is put in, the dependant configuration file should be pointed to the native Salt master :

master : 127.0.0.1 Once the Salt master has been “salted” with a Salt dependant, it will be targeted a bit like the other dependant. If the dependent on the preserved master is running, the dependent will be targeted via any usual salt command. In addition, the salt-call command will execute operations to enforce state on the preserved master while not requiring the dependent to be running.

8. Will SaltStack support the backing from managed files?

Ans:

Yes, SaltStack will support backing up managed files.

9. Restart exploitation Remote Executions?

Ans:

Restart the dependant from the instruction.

10 . However can you deploy a file to a dependant with the accession of different minions?

Ans:

Although SaltStack doesn’t support the access management, there are tricks by which you’ll be able to do this. With the assistance of Salt 2015.5.0, thefile_tree external pillar, you’ll be able to proceed. The Salt 2015.5.0 version offers the allowance to file contents to load as Pillar information. one among the examples has been mentioned below by that you’ll be able to positively deploy a file to a selected dependant while not the interruption of different minions. look into the command right below.

• /etc/my__super/secret_file::M
• file.managed::M
• – mode:: 600M
• – group:: secretM
• – user:: secretM
• – contents__pillar::secret__files::my__super__secret__fileM

11. State the best thanks to restart a salt dependant with Salt once the upgrade?

Ans:

The best thanks to proceed with the change of salt dependent package is mentioned here. continuing with the update would force the restarting of the service of the salt-minion. However, amidst a state-run, restarting the service would interrupt the Minion’s method of running states. it’d conjointly come the results to the master. The foremost common thanks to proceed is to schedule the restarting of the service with the assistance of master-less mode. The mode can enable the dependent to Master the association and report the results to Master. The service is going to be restarting within the background.

12. Are you able to term SaltStack as open-core?

Ans:

The answer to the said question is, no. You can’t term SaltStack as open-core. It’s an entirely committed Associate in Nursing dedicated to being an ASCII text file code. The code has been developed beneath the license of Apache two.0. therefore it’s allowed to be employed in each proprietaries also as open comes.

13. What’s the most effective way to restart a Salt dependent Daemon exploitation Salt when upgrading?

Ans:

Updating the salt-minion package needs a restart of the salt-minion service. However, restarting the service within the middle of a state-run session interrupts the method of the dependent running states and causes results back to the Master. a standard thanks to work around that’s to schedule restarting of the dependent service exploitation lordless mode in any case different states are applied. This permits the dependent to stay dependent on Master affiliation alive for the dependent to report the ultimate results to the Master, whereas the service is restarting within the background.

14 . However, can you be able to restart the Salt dependence with the assistance of States?

Ans:

The procedure of restarting the Salt dependent is straightforward. By exploiting States, they are often carried forward effectively. you have got to use work around so as to restart the Salt dependent during a convenient and reliable means. Mentioned below is Associate in Nursing example that works on each Microsoft’s Windows operating systems further as UNIX-like. verify the command below.

Restarting Salt dependent –

• cmd.run:
• name: ‘salt-call -local service/restart salt.minion’
• name: ‘C:salt:salt-call.bat –local service-restart: restart salt-minion’
• pkg: Upgrade the Salt dependent
• on_changes:
• bg: True

15. Are you able to do the dependent upgrade while not mechanically restarting?

Ans:

Yes, you’ll do the dependent upgrade while not mechanically restarting. however it needs a small stages procedure.

16. Will Salt support backing up Managed Files?

Ans:

Yes. Salt provides a straightforward to use addition to your file.managed states that permit you to duplicate files via backup_mode, backup_mode are often organized on a per state basis, or within the dependent config (note that if set within the dependent config this is able to merely be the default technique to use, you continue to got to specify that the file ought to be backed up!).

17. However, can the Salt dependent get restarted with the assistance of Remote Executions?

Ans:

You will need to follow the below provided commands so as to restart the dependent by exploitation Remote Executions.

• salt– C ‘not G@ekenel:Windowscmd.run-bg –call/restart the salt dependent.
• salt– G kernel-Windows cmd–run.bg ‘C:saltsalt.bat –local-restart salt-minion’.

18 . Why the worth for the Grain modified itself?

Ans:

The reason why the worth for the grain modified itself is that of some reasons. It’s ordinarily the results of the upstream modification within the distribution of a selected software system that removes or replaces things Salt uses so as to find a grain. Once it happens, it’s lucky. exploitation Salt with a command would be acceptable to repair this type of problem. verify the commands right below. salt -G ‘grain:Changed Value’ grains.servals ‘”’.

[Note : Replace the andgrain >Changed_Value>ithOld_Value a grain further as values you wish to form an amendment. you ought to even have to file a selected issue with the outline of the amendment specified it gets fastened within the software system itself.]

19.Suppose your script is running on every occasion you employ the state.apply. What would you do?

Ans:

If the script is running anytime whereas exploiting the state_apply, then you wish to be told the distinction between and cmd.wait cmd.run. The same drawback solely happens after you use the cmd.run rather than implementing the cmd.wait.

Quick Note: The cmd.run can run properly only if an amendment happens within the looking at state. On the contrary, the cmd.run can run the corresponding command every and each time.

20.Why aren’t my Custom Modules/states/etc. offered on my Minions?

Ans:

• Custom modules are synced to Minions once saltutil.sync_modules, or saltutil.sync_all is run. Custom modules are synced by state.apply once run with none arguments.
• Similarly, custom states are synced to Minions once state.apply, saltutil.sync_states, or saltutil.sync_all is run.
• Custom states are synced by state.apply once run with none arguments.
• Other custom varieties (renderers, outputters, etc.) have similar behavior, see the documentation for the saltutil module for additional info.
• This reactor example is often wont to mechanically synchronize custom varieties once the dependent connects to the master, to assist with this chicken-and-egg issue.

21. Suppose you’re obtaining a slip once attempting to Manage Packages/services. What’s going to happen?

Ans:

SaltStack helps in police work the software system of the dependent and conjointly assigns the acceptable service or package that relies on the several detection. Even so, specific OS derivatives and custom spins cannot find the package of service. just in case you’re obtaining the same error, then you wish to open a difficulty on the several huntsman with the assistance of the subsequent commands :

• salt grains.items| grep os.
• The several contents of the /etc/lsb-release, if it’s been conferred on dependent.

22.How to avail Module X once Shell Command is installed?

Ans:

Apparently, it’s a PATH drawback. you’ll need to understand that the module needs custom-compiling the software system, within the terribly initial place. If you haven’t been more responsible, then you’d need to bonk straight off.The RHEL/CentOS/etc happens to be a selected paramount of users’ path within the /etc/init.d file that sets to /sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin. It makes the putting in of the software system to the /usr/bin that isn’t offered to the software system whereas beginning the usage of the dependent. The 2014.1.0 version of Salt superficial is about to be higher than and supply additional advanced solutions for the PATH-based problems. There’s an alternate means – you’ll conjointly produce a symbolic link within the PATH by obtaining hold of the state of file.symlink.

• /usr/bin/foo:
• file.symlink:
• target: /usr_local/bin/foo

23.Can Salt dependency get restarted with the assistance of exploitation States?

Ans:

The answer to the current question is straightforward. Yes, you’ll positively restart the Salt dependent with the assistance of States.

24.Explain any 2 disadvantages of mistreatment SaltStack?

Ans:

These area unit the 2 cons (or the disadvantages) of mistreatment SaltStack as mentioned below :

Salt uses and is written in Python. Talking regarding Python, it’s put in most UNIX system systems. SaltStack doesn’t associate with a feature-rich interface. Therefore, users accomplish their tasks with the assistance of the command-line tool consequently.

25. What’s SaltStack?

Ans:

SaltStack could be a high speed remote execution and configuration system that uses zeromq. Saltstack has additionally been written with the developer in mind, Saltstack may be terribly simply extended with modules and might act as a standalone remote execution system or act as an easy to use message passing and managing broker with authentication and cryptography in-built. The remote execution capabilities enable directors to run commands on varied machines in parallel with a versatile targeting system. The configuration management practicality establishes a client-server model to quickly,easily and firmly bring infrastructure elements in line with a given policy.

26. Suppose your script is running whenever you employ the state.apply. What would you do?

Ans:

If the script is running each time whereas mistreating the state_apply, then you would like to be told the distinction between cmd.wait and cmd.run. The aforesaid drawback solely happens once you use the cmd.run rather than implementing the cmd.wait.

Quick Note: The cmd.run can run properly only if an amendment happens within the observance state. On the contrary, the cmd.run can run the corresponding command every and each time.

27.How do I learn SaltStack?

Ans:

tl;dr: Use dock worker Compose to instantly spin up a SaltStack Master and Minions, shell into the master and remotely run commands on the minions all while not putting in SaltStack on your system, paying for cloud instances, or wrangle ssh keys.

28.What is VMware SaltStack?

Ans:

In September 2020, VMware declared its intent to amass SaltStack, a pioneer in building intelligent, event-driven automation software packages, that helps customers to change ITOps, DevOps, NetOps or SecOps functions.

29.What is the SaltStack formula?

Ans:

Formulas area unit merely directories which will be traced onto the native filing system by mistreatment puke to clone the repository or by downloading and increasing a tarball or nada file of the repository. The directory structure is meant to figure with file_roots within the Salt master configuration.

30.Why did VMware purchase SaltStack?

Ans:

“VMware is exploiting SaltStack to considerably broaden its software package configuration management and infrastructure and network automation capabilities,” aforesaid Ajay Singh, senior vice chairman and head for VMware’s Cloud Management Business Unit, during a journal post Tues.

31.Is SaltStack secure?

Ans:

Direct communication between the Salt master and Salt dependant is encrypted employing a distinctive AES key for every session. As an example, revealed jobs area unit encrypted mistreatment the rotating AES key, whereas secure, dependant-specific knowledge sent mistreatment Salt pillar is encrypted with a novel AES key for every Salt minion and session.

32.Does Google use SaltStack?

Ans:

SaltStack code is employed for bootstrapping Google figure Engine virtual machines and putting in and configuring clusters.

33.How does one use the Saltstack formula?

Ans:

There area unit 2 ways in which to use a Salt Formula: you’ll add the formula as a GitFS Remote, which is able to enable you to directly serve the files hosted on your GitHub account, otherwise you will add the formula on to the Salt master mistreatment Git’s clone mechanism.

34.How much will SaltStack cost?

Ans:

Price and worth : SaltStack − Free open supply version. SaltStack Enterprise prices $150 per machine annually. Puppet − Free open supply version. Puppet Enterprise prices $100 per machine annually.

35.What is SaltStack enterprise?

Ans:

SaltStack Enterprise software package automates and orchestrates the work of infrastructure optimisation and security. Linux/Unix.

36.Who created SaltStack?

Ans:

Thomas S Hatch : Salt (sometimes cited as SaltStack) is Python-based, ASCII text file software package for event-driven IT automation, remote task execution, and configuration management.

37.What do Ansible and SaltStack have in common?

Ans:

Both Salt and Ansible area units were originally designed as execution engines. That is, they permit corporal punishment commands on one or a lot of remote systems, in parallel if you would like. Ansible supports corporal punishment capricious instruction commands on multiple machines. It conjointly supports corporal punishment modules.

38.What is the advantage of SaltStack over different DevOps tools?

Ans:

Salt permits parallel execution of multiple commands encrypted via AES and offers each vertical and horizontal scaling. one master will manage multiple masters, and therefore the peer interface permits users to regulate multiple agents (minions) directly.

39.Does SaltStack use YAML?

Ans:

Welcome to the globe of Saltstack Salt. Simply put, it’s a configuration management system written in Python and controlled by YAML with city templating.

40.What is vRealize SaltStack?

Ans:

vRealize Automation SaltStack Config could be a fashionable configuration management platform with the performance, speed, and legerity IT groups got to manage giant, complicated IT systems and improve potency at scale.

41.How will salt master work?

Ans:

It uses a server-agent communication model wherever the server is termed the salt master and therefore the agents the salt minions. Salt minions receive commands at the same time from the master and contain everything needed to execute commands regionally and report back to the salt master.

42.What is Salt called?

Ans:

Description. The salt-call command is employed to run module functions regionally on a dependant rather than corporal punishment them from the master. Salt-call is employed to run a Standalone dependant, and was originally created for troubleshooting.

43.What is Highstate in Saltstack?

Ans:

A “highstate” may be an approach for Salt to dynamically verify that Salt Formulas ought to be applied to a particular dependent. to begin with you execute a “highstate” like this: salt ‘minion01’ state.highstate. This command causes the dependent to transfer and examine a file from the Salt Master referred to as the “top file”.

44.What is the highest SLS in Saltstack?

Ans:

In Salt, the file that contains a mapping between teams of machines on a network and also the configuration roles that ought to be applied to them is termed a prime file . prime files area unit named prime. sls by default and that they are unit-named as a result of they continuously exist within the “top” of a directory hierarchy that contains state files.

45.What is a salt pillar?

Ans:

Salt pillar may be a system that allows you to outline secure information that is an area unit ‘assigned’ to 1 or a lot of minions victimization targets. Salt pillar information stores values like ports, file paths, configuration parameters, and passwords.

46.What is salt in SLS?

Ans:

The core of the Salt State system is the SLS, or SaLt State file. The SLS may be an illustration of the state within which a system ought to be in, and is ready to contain this information in an exceedingly easy format. typically|This can be} often referred to as configuration management.

47.What directory area unit state files hold on inside Saltstack?

Ans:

States area units hold on in text files on the master and transferred to the minions on demand via the master’s digital computer. the gathering of state files from up the State Tree . If you’re deploying on FreeBSD via ports, the file_roots path defaults to /usr/local/etc/salt/states.

48.How does one list salt in minions?

Ans:

“salt-key -L” can list all minions whose public keys you’ve accepted on your master.

49.How do I deploy SaltStack?

Ans:

Installation :

• Install a Salt master victimization of the directions for your platform or by running the Salt bootstrap script.
• Make sure that your Salt minions will realize the Salt master.
• Install the Salt dependent on every system that you simply need to manage.
• Accept the Salt dependent keys once the Salt dependent connects.

50.Does SaltStack use agents?

Ans:

SaltStack is concentrated on making the most effective set of management tools offered anyplace, so providing as many ways as we are able to consider to allow you to use them. SaltStack will be enforced to follow the foremost common systems management models : Agent and Server. Agent-only.

51.Is SaltStack open source?

Ans:

Salt (sometimes remarked as SaltStack) is Python-based, ASCII text file computer code for event-driven IT automation, remote task execution, and configuration management.

52.What is the advantage of Saltstack over different Devops tools?

Ans:

Salt permits parallel execution of multiple commands encrypted via AES and offers each vertical and horizontal scaling. one master will manage multiple masters, and also the peer interface permits users to manage multiple agents (minions) directly.

53.How does one create a salt module?

Ans:

Create the Execution Module :Create a file referred to as weather.py within the /srv/salt /_modules directory, and add the subsequent lines to line up Salt work and import the requests module. File: /srv/salt/_modules /weather.py.Add the_virtualname_variable and also the_virtual_operate. File: /srv/salt/_modules/ weather.py.

54.What is a salt runner?

Ans:

Salt runners are unit convenience applications dead with the salt-run command. Salt runners work equally to Salt execution modules but they execute on the Salt master itself rather than remote Salt minions. A Salt runner will be a straightforward consumer decision or a fancy application.

55.What is the Salt API?

Ans:

salt-api may be a standard interface on prime of Salt that may give a range of entry points into a running Salt system. It will begin and manage multiple interfaces permitting a REST API to exist with XMLRPC or maybe a Websocket API.

56.What is the Saltstack reactor?

Ans:

Salt’s Reactor system offers Salt the power to trigger actions in response to an occasion. It’s a straightforward interface to look at Salt’s event bus for event tags that match a given pattern, so running one or a lot of commands in response. The reactor choice permits for event tags to be related to sls reaction files.

57.How do I change the salt API?

Ans:

Salt-Api with Saltstack :

• Install salt-api package, this might install all dependencies that area unit required by salt-master to host salt api communications protocol server. sudo apt-get install salt-api.
• Configure external auth.
• Restart the salt-master service.
• Test with curl.
• Test with curl operate take a look at.ping.

58.What is API data?

Ans:

API is an associate form for Application Programming Interface that computer code uses to access information, server computer code or different applications and are around for quite a while. Apis uses outlined protocols to change developers to create, connect and integrate applications quickly and at scale.

59.What area unit the most options f saltstack?

Ans:

It is descendible configuration management :

• It is versatile and straightforward to line up.
• It is simple method in parallel execution model and language agnostic.
• Fault tolerance.

60. What’s the best purpose of saltstack?

Ans:

Salt was designed to change low-latency and high-speed communication for information assortment and remote execution in system admin environments. Salt is intended to permit users to expressly target and issue commands to multiple machines directly.

61.What is SaltStack config?

Ans:

Realize Automation SaltStack Config may be a trendy configuration management platform with the performance, speed, and gracefulness IT groups ought to manage massive, complicated IT systems and improve potency at scale.

62.What is Puppet configuration management?

Ans:

In computing, Puppet may be a computer code configuration management tool which incorporates its own declarative language to explain system configuration. it’s a model-driven resolution that needs restricted programming information to use. Puppet is made by Puppet, Inc, based by Luke Kanies in 2005.

63.What protocol will the puppet use?

Ans:

Puppet coding and Communication ways : Puppet interfaces with the OpenSSL toolkit, that is predicated on SSL and also the Transport Layer Security (TLS) cryptologic protocol. Puppet uses customary SSL/TLS coding technology and customary SSL certificates for agent and master authentication and verification.

64.What is saltstack sec ops ?

Ans:

SaltStack SecOps could be a powerful add-on part for vRealize Automation that offers IT operations and security groups the automation tools and content they have to create and maintain secure, compliant IT infrastructure—on premises or within the cloud.

65.What square measures the four main forms of security vulnerability?

Ans:

Security Vulnerability sorts : Network Vulnerabilities. These square measure problems with a network’s hardware or software package that expose it to doable intrusion by an out of doors party.Operating System Vulnerabilities.

66.What square measures potential vulnerabilities?

Ans:

Well, potential vulnerabilities square measure things that would presumably be a risk, however is also needed for the server to perform usually. As an example, if you check up on Figure four.5, you’ll be able to see that the potential vulnerabilities that were detected merely involve electronic equipment being put in within the server.

67. Suppose you’re obtaining Error once attempting To Manage Packages/services. What’s going to You Do?

Ans:

SaltStack helps in sleuthing the operating machine of the dependant and to boot assigns the perfect service or package that’s based mostly at the various detection. still, specific OS derivatives and custom spins cannot locate the bundle of suppliers. just in case you’re obtaining the said errors, then you would like to open associate degree hassle on the various hunter with the assist of the following commands :

salt grains.Gadgets grep os. The various contents of the /and therefore forth/lsb-release, if it’s been provided on dependant.

68. A way to Avail Module X once Shell Command Is Installed?

Ans:

Apparently, it’s miles a PATH downside. you may ought to notice that the module needs custom-compiling the software package program, among the primary actual locations. If you haven’t gone via it, then you certainly ought to bang right away.The RHEL/CentOS/and therefore on happens to be a particular paramount of users’ course within the /and therefore on/init.D report that sets to sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin. It for that reason makes the putting in of the software package to the /usr/bin that isn’t to be had to the software package at identical time as starting the utilization of the dependant.The 2014.1.0 model of Salt ostensible is on the brink of be over and supply further superior solutions for the PATH-based wholly troubles.

69.Why is terraform not Ansible?

Ans:

Terraform focuses on infrastructure automation, and interprets a model represented in Hashicorp Configuration Language (HCL). Ansible will have the flexibility to provision cloud infrastructure also, however its procedural nature makes it unsuitable for massive infrastructure deployments.

70. Ought to I learn Ansible or puppet?

Ans:

Many use Ansible for tiny, quick and/or temporary deployments, whereas Puppet is commonly used for additional complicated or longer-term deployments. If you’ve got a largely mounted set of machines to take care of, Puppet could be the higher choice, whereas if your machines square measure usually being reprovisioned, Ansible could be the thanks to go.

71.What is the advantage of Saltstack over alternative DevOps tools?

Ans:

Salt permits parallel execution of multiple commands encrypted via AES and offers each vertical and horizontal scaling. one master will manage multiple masters, and also the peer interface permits users to regulate multiple agents (minions) directly.

72.What is the event system in saltstack ?

Ans:

The Salt Event System is employed to fireplace off events enabling third party applications or external processes to react to behavior among Salt. The event system uses a publish-subscribe pattern, otherwise understood as pub/sub.

73.What is the advantage of SaltStack over alternative DevOps tools?

Ans:

Salt permits parallel execution of multiple commands encrypted via AES and offers each vertical and horizontal scaling. one master will manage multiple masters, and also the peer interface permits users to regulate multiple agents (minions) directly.

74.Who bought SaltStack?

Ans:

VMware Completes SaltStack Acquisition to Bolster software package Configuration Management and Infrastructure Automation. Today, I’m happy to announce that VMware has closed its acquisition of SaltStack.

75.How many acquisitions has VMware made?

Ans:

49 acquisitions : VMware has created forty nine acquisitions and seventeen investments. The corporation has spent over $ nine.27B for the acquisitions. VMware has invested in multiple sectors like Cybersecurity, IT Operations, Virtualization and additional.

76.What company makes ESXi?

Ans:

VMware ESXi (formerly ESX) is an associate degree enterprise-class, type-1 hypervisor developed by VMware for deploying and serving virtual computers. As a type-1 hypervisor, ESXi isn’t a software package application that’s put in on an associate degree package (OS); instead, it includes and integrates very important OS elements, like a kernel.

77.What is salt Highstate?

Ans:

A “highstate” could be a means for Salt to dynamically confirm that Salt Formulas ought to be applied to a definite dependent. To begin with you execute a “highstate” like this: salt ‘minion01’ state.highstate. This command causes the dependant to transfer and examine a file from the Salt Master known as the “top file”.

78.Is Salt a state of matter?

Ans:

Ordinary common salt is termed binary compound. It’s thought of as a pure substance as a result of its regular and definite composition. Water is additionally a pure substance. Salt simply dissolves in water, however salt water can not be classified as a pure substance as a result of its composition will vary.

79.What square measure state modules?

Ans:

State Modules square measure the elements that map to actual social control and management of Salt states.

80.What square measures SaltStack States?

Ans:

A collection of Salt state associate degreed Salt pillar files that tack an application or system part. Most formula square measure created of many Salt states unfold across multiple Salt state files. State.

81.What is a salt state file?

Ans:

The core of the Salt State system is the SLS, or SaLt State file. The SLS could be an illustration of the state within which a system ought to be in, and is ready to contain this knowledge in a very straightforward format. this is {often|This can be} often referred to as configuration management.

82.What area unit the various forms of modules?

Ans:

Module varieties : Managed application module. it’s dead once 1C:Enterprise is declared in a very skinny shopper or net shopper mode.

• Common modules.
• Object modules.
• Form modules.
• Session module.
• External association module.
• Manager modules.
• Command modules.

83.What is the highest SLS in SaltStack?

Ans:

In Salt, the file that contains a mapping between teams of machines on a network and also the configuration roles that ought to be applied to them is termed a high file . high files area unit named high. sls by default and that they are a unit so-named as a result of they forever exist within the “top” of a directory hierarchy that contains state files.

84.Where area unit salt states are stored?

Ans:

Setting up the Salt State Tree : States area units hold on in text files on the master and transferred to the minions on demand via the master’s digital computer. The gathering of state files conjures the State Tree . If you’re deploying on FreeBSD via ports, the file_roots path defaults to /usr/local/etc/salt/states .

85.What is dependent on SaltStack?

Ans:

Salt minions unit your servers that truly run your applications and services. every dependent has AN ID assigned to that (which are often mechanically generated from the minion’s hostname), and also the Salt master will confer with this ID to focus on commands to specific minions.

86.What language will SaltStack use?

Ans:

Features of SaltStack : Salt could be a command-line tool. whereas written in Python, SaltStack configuration management is language agnostic and easy. Salt platform uses the push model for execution commands via the SSH protocol. The default configuration system is YAML and urban center templates.

87.What protocol will SaltStack use to speak with minions?

Ans:

Publication communication between the Salt master and Salt dependent is encrypted employing a rotating AES key. Direct communication between the Salt master and Salt dependent is encrypted employing a distinctive AES key for every session.

88.What is salt in Linux?

Ans:

Salt is: A configuration management system. Salt is capable of maintaining remote nodes in outlined states. For instance, it will make sure that specific packages are put in which specific services are run. A distributed remote execution system accustomed to execute commands and question knowledge on remote nodes.

89.Which of the subsequent area units are the advantages of SaltStack?

Ans:

Here’s a glance at why you would like salt in your diet :

• Helps Thyroid operate Properly.
• Keeps the Body hydrous.
• Prevents Low pressure.
• Improves Symptoms of Monogenic disorder.

90.What returners liquidate SaltStack?

Ans:

Step one : perceive Salt Returners Returners are unit pluggable Salt Modules that take the information returned by jobs, and so perform ANy necessary steps to send the information to an external system. For instance, a returner would possibly establish an association, certify, and so format and transfer knowledge.

91.Where is that pillar of salt located?

Ans:

Mount Sodom : A pillar of salt named “Lot’s wife” is found close to the Dead Sea at Mount Sodom in Israel.

92.What will SaltStack do?

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SaltStack, additionally referred to as Salt, could be a configuration management and orchestration tool. It uses a central repository to provision new servers and alternative IT infrastructure, to form changes to existing ones, and to put in computer code in IT environments, together with physical and virtual servers, additionally because of the cloud.

93.What is parallel execution saltstack ?

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Parallel execution changes commands to remote systems to be referred to as in parallel instead of serially. Use a secure and encrypted protocol. Use the tiniest and quickest network payloads attainable. give a straightforward programming interface.

94.What is cron in saltstack ?

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In saltstack, cron could be a terribly helpful application within the UNIX system setting. It allows a gift command or script to run in a very regular interval,say daily,weekly or each 1st day of the month. Cron starts once the system starts and checks the /etc/crontab file for configuration details .

95.Which of the subsequent squares measure the advantages of SaltStack?

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Here’s a glance at why you wish salt in your diet :

• Helps Thyroid operate Properly. Your thyroid plays a very important role in metabolism.
• Keeps the Body hydrous.
• Prevents Low force per unit area.
• Improves Symptoms of mucoviscidosis.

96.What square measure grain Saltstack?

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Salt comes with the Associate in Nursing interface to derive data regarding the underlying system. This can be referred to as the grains interface, as a result of it presents salt with grains of data. Grains square measure collected for the software, name, IP address, kernel, OS type, memory, and lots of alternative system properties.

97.What is dependent knowledge cache?

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The dependent knowledge cache contains the salt mine knowledge,minion. Pillar data cached on the salt master. By default, salt uses the local fs cache module to save lots of the info in a very small msgpack in the salt master.

98.What square measure grains Saltstack?

Ans:

Salt comes with the Associate in Nursing interface to derive data regarding the underlying system. This can be referred to as the grains interface, as a result of it presents salt with grains of data. Grains square measure collected for the software, name, IP address, kernel, OS type, memory, and lots of alternative system properties.

99.How will salt depend on work?

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Salt authenticates minions victimization public-key coding and authentication. For a dependent to start out acceptive commands from the master, the dependent keys ought to be accepted by the master. Keys ought to be verified! Print the master fingerprint by running salt-key -F master on the Salt master.

100.Is SaltStack declarative?

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For example, SaltStack configuration language is usually declarative however it may also be run in an important mode victimization Salt requisites. SaltStack may also alter IT via agents, agentless, or proxy (API-based) management for distinctive network gear.